Taken 26th overall in the 2004 draft by the Vancouver Canucks. Schneider spent three seasons with the Boston College Eagles of the NCAA, before finally signing his entry-level contract with the Canucks before the start of the 2007-08 season. Schneider would help lead Boston College to back-to-back National Championships in 2006 and 2007.
Schneider was traded to the New Jersey Devils in 2013, becoming the next starter of the franchise after Hall of Fame netminder Martin Brodeur decided not to re-sign with the franchise. Major injuries began to derail his career, never able to recover his form from his time in Vancouver.
In 2020, the Devils bought out the remaining two years of Schneider's contract, and he signed with the New York Islanders. He spent the next four seasons with the Islanders, but played just one game in the NHL, spending the rest of his time in the AHL.